docker cli

2022-07-10 673 words 4 minutes

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docker attach

docker attach容器的 ID 或名称将终端的标准输入、输出和错误（或三者的任意组合）附加到正在运行的容器

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$ docker run -d --name topdemo ubuntu /usr/bin/top -t

$ docker attach topdemo
top - 13:13:27 up 8 days,  5:16,  0 users,  load average: 0.04, 0.07, 0.03
Tasks:   1 total,   1 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni,100.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :   7838.6 total,   2394.0 free,   1615.3 used,   3829.4 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   2048.0 total,   2048.0 free,      0.0 used.   5758.8 avail Mem

docker build

docker run

运行容器的命令

-d, –detach

detach直译为脱离，分离模式启动容器，后台运行

下面例子只关心 -d这个参数

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$ docker run --name some-nginx -d -p 8080:80 nginx

-a

可以指定三种标准输出 STDIN, STDOUT ,STDERR

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$ docker run -a stdin -a stdout -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

-i -t

–interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached

–tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY

交互模式，可以进入容器内部

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$ docker run  -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

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$ echo test | docker run -i ubuntu cat

–name

给容器取名字，下面例子中some-nginx是这个容器的名字

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$ docker run --name some-nginx -d -p 8080:80 nginx

$ docker ps -f 'name=some-nginx'

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                   NAMES
028c1ac0cf08   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Up 17 minutes   0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp   some-nginx

唯一确定一个容器，有三种方式

Identifier type	Example value
UUID short identifier	f78375b1c487
UUID long identifier	f78375b1c487e03c9438c729345e54db9d20cfa2ac1fc3494b6eb60872e74778
Name	myredis

–cidfile string

docker 将容器 ID 写入指定的文件中。这类似于某些程序将其进程 ID (PID)写入文件

–restart

重启策略

no :当容器退出后，不自动重启（默认）
on-failure：[max-retries]:只有容器以非0的状态退出(异常退出)才重启，（可选）限制 Docker 守护程序尝试重新启动的次数
always：无论退出状态如何，始终重新启动容器。docker无限制地重启容器，容器也将始终在守护程序启动时启动
unless-stopped：无论退出状态如何，始终重新启动容器，包括docker的守护进程重启，除非容器自己处于stopped state

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$ docker run --name mysql -v ~/docker/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=12345678 -d -p 3307:3306 --restart=always  mysql

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# 获取重启次数
$ docker inspect -f "{{ .RestartCount }}" my-container


# 获取重启时间
$ docker inspect -f "{{ .State.StartedAt }}" my-container

–network

网络模式

– link

容器互联

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docker run --rm   --name gameserver --link mysql-mysql-1:db --net mysql_default cat19/gameserver

参数--link name:alias name 是连接的容器名称，alias为别名

Note

如果连接的容器是docker-compose启动的，需要指定--net mysql_default ，否则会抛出错误

docker: Error response from daemon: Cannot link to /mysql-mysql-1, as it does not belong to the default network.

–add-host

向容器的/etc/hosts 添加映射

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1221$ docker run --rm -it --add-host db-static:86.75.30.9 ubuntu cat /etc/hosts

docker ps

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$ docker ps --help
usage:  docker ps [OPTIONS]

List containers

Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
  -q, --quiet           Only display container IDs
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes

docker ps -a

退出的container也会展示

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$ docker ps -a

docker ps -f

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$ docker ps -f 'name=redis'

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS             PORTS                                       NAMES
ab0141a96725   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp   myredis

docker container

docker logs

-f

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$ docker logs  -f 028c1ac0cf08

172.17.0.1 - - [10/Jul/2022:13:34:59 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "curl/7.81.0" "-"
192.168.0.103 - - [10/Jul/2022:13:35:41 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 

docker search

–filter , -f

根据提供的条件过滤输出

格式	描述
.Name	镜像名字
.Description	镜像描述
.StarCount	镜像的点赞数
.IsOfficial	OK:镜像是官方的
.IsAutomated	OK:镜像构建是自动化的

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$ docker search --format "{{.Name}}: {{.StarCount}}" nginx
nginx: 17077
linuxserver/nginx: 169
bitnami/nginx: 135
ubuntu/nginx: 52
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller: 19
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller: 10
clearlinux/nginx: 4
ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller: 4
bitnami/nginx-ldap-auth-daemon: 3
bitnami/nginx-exporter: 2
rapidfort/nginx: 2
rancher/nginx: 2
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-defaultbackend: 2
vmware/nginx: 2

docker compose

新版的Compose v2的命令已经嵌入docker cli ，可以用docker compse 来代替 docker compse

-p

指定项目的名字

例如有以下docker-compose.yml

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services:
  MYSQLDB:
    image: mysql
    volumes:
      - db_data:/var/lib/mysql
    restart: always
    container_name: MYSQLDB
    command: [ 'mysqld', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci','--default-time-zone=+08:00' ]
    ports:
      - 3309:3306
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=12345678
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
  gameserver:
    image: cat19/gameserver
    ports:
      - 8840:8840
    restart: always
    container_name: GameServer
    ulimits:
      nofile:
        soft: 65536
        hard: 65536
    links:
      - MYSQLDB:MysqlDb
volumes:
  db_data

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$ docker compose -p gameserver up -d

Contents

docker cli

doc

docker attach

docker build

docker run

-d, –detach

-a

-i -t

–name

–cidfile string

–restart

–network

– link

–add-host

docker ps

docker ps -a

docker ps -f

docker container

docker logs

-f

docker search

–filter , -f

docker compose

-p

docker volume